2nd ICAI 2022

International Conference on Automotive Industry 2022

Mladá Boleslav, Czech Republic

3. Electric Vehicles and the Power Grid For our transport systems to be completely electric, the existing infrastructure needs to be expanded to enable all the vehicles to be recharged. And new charging points are just the tip of the iceberg: Ultimately charging requires a vast amount of power. At a present-day quick-charge station with a charging capacity of 150 kilowatts. If huge numbers of vehicles suddenly ran on electricity alone and made use of quick-charge facilities, that would put huge stress on our power networks. Some of our existing power networks would be simply overloaded if millions of vehicles were to switch to battery-only operation overnight and had to be recharged in a matter of minutes (Lee, Henry & Clark, Alex, 2018). Electromobility poses a double challenge for distribution system operators: First, EVs add to the number of consumers. The more EVs that are charged at the same time, the more likely it is that the grid will be overloaded. Second, electromobility is only environmentally practical if the required electricity comes from renewable sources. But wind and solar power have the problem of being irregular, and most wind turbines and sizeable solar power plants are in rural areas, while most of the power is consumed a long distance away in cities. Urban distribution systems will have to be able to establish a balance between large volumes of power from decentralized and irregular generation sources in the future (Vilathgamuwa et al. , 2022). The expected growth of the market will be important for decades. The scenario that specialized firms and opinion leaders in the sector sets for the year 2040 is: a) Long term EV sales will be influenced by how quickly the charging infrastructure spreads across key markets; b) Buses will go electric faster than light vehicles; c) EVs will save 7.3 million barrels/day of fuel in the transportation sector; d) The new scenario on electric mobility will have a great impact on the automotive industry, environmental conditions, and the electric power sector. To support the adoption of EV, there is a need to implement infrastructures for charging stations. The charging standards and infrastructures for that purpose and that are available have a great impact on how people use or may use EVs and, consequently, have an impact on how these vehicles penetrate the market. 4. Global Sales of Electric Vehicles Many European countries, USA, China and Brazil are quite active in promoting their use and investing heavily in electric mobility. In Europe, Norway, The Netherlands, The United Kingdom, Germany, and France are the leading countries. The infrastructure needs to grow as more and more electric vehicles appear on our roads. If 80% of all cars were electric in 2050, the Europe’s electricity consumption would probably go up to 10%. The electricity grid will also need to evolve as more electric cars hit the road (Aijaz & Ahmad, 2021). No cars will be 100% clean. The arrival of the electric car doesn’t change that. Using public transport or simply walking or cycling to work will always be much better for the environment. Electric motors are more efficient than combustion engines and waste less energy. Electric vehicles can also bring down noise. Heath-wise, the main benefit is related to air quality. The EU has been channeling billions of euros into relevant research over the last decade and

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