BUSINESS AND HUMAN RIGHTS / Šturma, Mozetic (eds)

Therefore, the dignity of the human person, as an intrinsic, unwaivable and inalienable quality, constitutes “an element that qualifies the human being as such and can not be detached from it … it can (and should) be recognized, respected, promoted and protected, and can not be created, granted or withdrawn (although it may be violated) […]” 11 , which translates into a real command for human rights. In this disposition of ideas, the dignity as core of the human rights is substantiated in distinct documents – Treaties, Declarations, Constitutions, etc. – representing the essence of the Constitutional State, founded in two pillars: popular sovereignty and human dignity. 12 In the Brazilian Federal Constitution of 1988, it is inferred that the original constituent raised the dignity of the human person to an “essential value, which confers unity and meaning to the constitutional text, so as to give it a particular and unmistakable feature […] serving as a guidance for the interpretation of the other norms”. 13 Moreover, as provided in article 1, item III, of the Federal Constitution, the dignity of the human person expresses the foundation of the Federative Republic of Brazil, based on the idea of the predominance of individual freedom to the detriment of the transpersonalist conceptions of State and Nation. 14 Not enough, the interrelation between international human rights norms helps to ensure effectiveness and to reiterate the normative force that exists in internal commands that guarantee respect for the dignity of the human person and grant it the widest interpretation, so as to inflict infallibility on him. The 1988 Constitution thus marked a step forward in the consolidation of fundamental rights and guarantees, and among them, it ensured the expansion of women’s rights, especially those stemming from the important participation of women in the activist movements of the 1970s in favor of equality, because “the organized action of the women’s movement … has led to the conquest of innumerable new rights and obligations related to the State, such as the recognition of equality in the family, the repudiation of domestic violence, and reproductive rights”. 15 However, despite the struggles and achievements, the existence of discrepancies in the treatment of genders is notorious, even today there is an enormous occurrence of violence and abuse against women, without mentioning treatment inequalities and subordination relationships. 11 SARLET, Ingo Wolfgang. Dimensões da dignidade: ensaios de Filosofia do Direito e Direito Constitucional. Porto Alegre: Livraria do Advogado, 2013, p. 20. 12 HÄBERLE, Peter. A dignidade humana como fundamento da comunidade estatal. In: SARLET, Ingo Wolfgang (org.). Dimensões da dignidade: ensaios de filosofia do direito e direito constitucional. 2. ed. Porto Alegre: Livraria do Advogado, 2009, p. 81-85. 13 ROCHA, Fernando Luiz Ximenes. Direitos fundamentais na Constituição de 1988. Themis – Revista da ESMESC , Fortaleza, v. 1, 1998, p. 113. 14 MORAES, Alexandre de. Direitos humanos fundamentais . 6. ed. São Paulo: Atlas, 2005, p. 48. 15 BRASTED, Leila Linhares; PITANGUY, Jacqueline (Org.). O Progresso das Mulheres no Brasil 2003–2010 . Rio de Janeiro: CEPIA; Brasília: ONU Mulheres, p. 35; PIOVESAN, Flávia. Os direitos civis e políticos das mulheres no Brasil. Justitia , São Paulo, v. 65, n. 198, jan./jun. 2008, p. 134. Available in: . Acess in July 10, 2017.

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