BUSINESS AND HUMAN RIGHTS / Šturma, Mozetic (eds)

exclusively on the back of the state and its administrative bodies such responsibility, as pointed out by authors such as Rose-Akerman. 13 Mauro Paolo goes so far as to say that when state bureaucracies delay decisions that are of interest to the market, private actors are often obliged to grant illegal incentives to speed up the procedures for their demands 14 which we have witnessed recently in Brazil in the Lava airliner scandal, involving corruption at Petrobrás, an opportunity in which Mercado and Estado are gathering efforts to bleed public budgets. 15 Now, attention: this can not lead us to the mistaken idea that, in such scenarios, the State is the architect of all the machinery of corruption and the Market is the victim as much as the Society. On the contrary, Market and State – at least some sectors of these corporations – are usually associated in criminal actions of this nature. It is so sophisticated and perverse the corruptive relations between Market and State that in Brazil, companies come to structure specific sectors responsible for the feedback of benefit schemes and payments of tips to public and political agents of the State, as in the case of the Petrobrás scandal mentioned. The newspaper Folha de São Paulo, in the edition dated 03/22/2016, reported that: Based on spreadsheets and data cross-checking, researchers at Lava a Jato say that Odebrecht has set up a “professional structure” for systematic tip payments in Brazil and abroad. Only two accounts linked to this parallel set are estimated at R $ 91 million in payments suspected of being illegal. The “structured system” of corruption, in the words of prosecutor Carlos Fernando dos Santos Lima, involved officials with clear division of duties, a computerized system to control the entry and exit of millions of Reais and a whole clandestine accounting structure … According to the investigators, the structure even included a specific area in the contractor, called the “Structured Operations Sector”, which operated in illegal practices. 16 It is worth remembering Giannetti on the point, when he asserts (without fully agreeing with this) that even philosophy has already been concerned with sustaining that economic development somehow promotes some moral regression in social and 13 The author has insisted on the World Bank’s thesis that the state must recycle and take all measures against corruption, forgetting to evaluate the role of the market in corrupt relations. He tells the author that: a symptom that something has not worked well in the management of the State … The institutions designed to govern the interrelationship between citizens and the State are used, instead, for personal enrichment and to provide benefits to the corrupt . ROSE-ACKERMAN, S.: Corruption and governments: Causes, consequences and reform . Madrid: Siglo Veinteuno, 2001, p.11. 14 PAOLO, M.: Corruption and Growth. In Quarterly Journal of Economics , v. 110, pp. 681-712. 15 The magazine Carta Capital reported on 11/21/2014 that: On Monday 17, Erton Medeiros Fonseca, CEO of Industrial Engineering of Galvão Engenharia, said he agreed to pay bribe after being threatened.According to Fonseca, Paulo Roberto Costa, former director of Petrobras Supply, and doleiro Alberto Youssef stated that if the construction company did not pay a bribe (that would be directed to the PP, party for which they were acting), it could be punished with suspension of payments for works already closed . In https://www.cartacapital.com. br/politica/lava-jato-as-empreiteiras-sao-vitimas-3407.html, access on 03/06/2017. 16 In http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/poder/2016/03/1752707-odebrecht-tinha-department-of-property-no-pais- diz-lava-jato.shtml, access in 03/03/2017.

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