Common European Asylum System in a Changing World

a regime on internal borders. The Schengen Borders Code is a regulation and it applies to any person crossing the internal or external borders of Member States, without prejudice to: i) The rights of persons enjoying the right of free movement under Union law. ii) The right of refugees and persons requesting international protection, in particular as regards non-refoulement . Entry conditions for third-country nationals for intended stays on the territory of the Member States of a duration of no more than 90 days in any 180-day period: (a) a valid travel document; (b) a valid visa, if required except where they hold a valid residence permit or a valid long-stay visa; (c) they justify the purpose and conditions of the intended stay; (d) they have sufficient means of subsistence, both for the duration of the intended stay and for the return to their country of origin; (d) they are not persons for whom an alert has been issued in the Schengen Information system for the purposes of refusing entry; (e) they are not considered to be a threat to public policy, internal security, public health, or the international relations of any of the Member States. Citizens from some non-EU countries are required to hold a visa when travelling to the Schengen Area. The EU has a common list of countries whose citizens must have a visa when crossing the external borders and a list of countries whose citizens are exempt from that requirement. These lists are set out in Regulation (EU) 2018/1806. Refusal of entry on external borders A third-country national who does not fulfil all the entry conditions shall be refused entry to the territories of the Member States. This shall be without prejudice to the application of special provisions concerning the right of asylum and to international protection or the issue of long-stay visas. Entry may only be refused by a substantiated decision stating the precise reasons for the refusal. The substantiated decision stating the precise reasons for the refusal shall be given by means of a standard form , as set out in Annex V. Crossing internal borders Internal borders may be crossed at any point without a border check on persons, irrespective of their nationality, being carried out. The Schengen Borders Code lays down rules for temporary reintroduction of controls on internal borders, especially in case of serious threat to public policy or internal security. Plenty of annexes are attached to the Schengen Borders Code, such as the standard form for refusing entry, model signs indicating lanes at border crossing points, special rules for certain categories of persons such as heads of state or pilots.

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