CYIL vol. 14 (2023)

CYIL 14 (2023) EARTHQUAKES IN TÜRKIYE AS A VIOLATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS… including 3.3 million people who have been displaced due to the disaster, about 2.4 million women of reproductive age, and almost 4 million displaced Syrian refugees. 3 About 3 million people, including pregnant women and new mothers, are currently sheltered in tent camps and container settlements. 4, 5 The earthquakes have not been the only challenge. At the end of April 2023, a tornado and severe storms blew away and damaged the tents and containers sheltering earthquake affected people, exposing many to harsh weather conditions. Almost 50 people were injured. 6 Despite humanitarian help from individual states, 7 UN agencies, 8 and humanitarian partners, 9 as well as crowd-funding and specialized help from individuals, such as within the health services, medical consultations, financial support, and material (hygienic, medic, human dignity) supplies, Türkiye has experienced a number of difficulties 10 and even atrocities, including missing children, 11 inadequate shelter, 12 ignored essential needs of those affected by the earthquakes, lack of adequate sanitation and hygiene, 13 and a crucial absence 3 Recovery and reconstruction after the 2023 earthquakes in Türkiye , UNDP project catalogue: United Nations Development Programme. https://www.undp.org/turkiye/publications/recovery-and-reconstruction-after-2023 earthquakes-turkiye-undp-project-catalogue. 4 Türkiye earthquake 2023; TURKIYE EARTHQUAKE Humanitarian Response Overview | Shelter Cluster. https:// sheltercluster.org/turkiye-earthquake-2023/documents/turkiye-earthquake-humanitarian-response-overview. 5 Türkiye/Syria earthquake joint situation report No. 3 – 20 April 2023 ; United Nations Population Fund. https:// www.unfpa.org/resources/T%C3%BCrkiyesyria-earthquake-joint-situation-report-3-20-april-2023. 6 Türkiye earthquake: External situation report No.8: 17–30 April 2023 ; World Health Organization. https://www. who.int/europe/publications/i/item/WHO-EURO-2023-7145-46911-69358. 7 ARMITAGE, R. General practice in the UK’s response to the Türkiye and Syrian earthquakes, British Journal of General Practice , 2023, https://bjgp.org/content/73/730/218.full. 8 Earthquake response: Syria, Türkiye, and neighbouring countries ; United Nations: Office on Drugs and Crime. https:// www.unodc.org/unodc/en/prevention/earthquake-response_-syria--trkiye--and-neighbouring-countries.html. 9 Earthquake: EU mobilises support for Syria and further aid to Türkiye (2023) , European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations. https://civil-protection-humanitarian-aid.ec.europa.eu/news-stories/ news/earthquake-eu-mobilises-support-syria-and-further-aid-T%C3%BCrkiye-2023-02-08_en; Türkiye earthquake: External situation report No.8: 17–30 April 2023 ; World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/ europe/publications/i/item/WHO-EURO-2023-7145-46911-69358. 10 Turkish Ministry of Environment Urbanization and climate Change. T.C. Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı. https://www.csb.gov.tr/bakan-kurum-5-ilimizde-hasar-tespit-calismalarini-tamamladik.-diger-iller imizde-de-yuzde-90-seviyesindeyiz-bakanlik-faaliyetleri-38478 ; UWISHEMA O. Addressing the effects of the earthquakes on Türkiye’s health-care system, the Lancet Correspondence , 2023, vol. 401, issue 10378, p. 727. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)00326-4; https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/ PIIS0140-6736(23)00326-4/fulltext. 11 MEDYA, E. Five-year-old Turkish-speaking boy found alone in Dutch city raises concerns of human trafficking, Medya News , (2023), https://medyanews.net/five-year-old-turkish-speaking-boy-found-alone-in dutch-city-raises-concerns-of-human-trafficking/ ; Experts of the Committee on the Rights of the Child Commend Türkiye’s Free Child Healthcare Services, Ask about Child Labour and Sanctions of Children Involved in Terrorist Organizations . OHCHR. https://www.ohchr.org/en/news/2023/05/experts-committee-rights-child-commend T%C3%BCrkiyes-free-child-healthcare-services-ask. 12 Türkiye earthquake 2023; TURKIYE EARTHQUAKE Humanitarian Response Overview | Shelter Cluster. https:// sheltercluster.org/turkiye-earthquake-2023/documents/turkiye-earthquake-humanitarian-response-overview. 13 INANC, Y. S. Turkey earthquake: Lack of clean water and toilets puts survivors at risk of disease. Middle East Eye . https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/turkey-earthquake-lack-clean-water-toilets-survivors-risk-disease; ATEŞ, S., & ERDEM, H. The EARTHQUAKE in TÜRKİYE and infectious disease concerns. New Microbes and New Infections, 2023, 101127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nmni.2023.101127, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov/pmc/articles/PMC10150175/.

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