CYIL vol. 9 (2018)

DALIBOR JÍLEK CYIL 9 ȍ2018Ȏ into Agreements regarding Russian and Armenian Refugees of 5 July 1922, 31 May 1924, 12 May 1926, and 30 June 1928, following the creation of uniform passport legislation. The arrangements generated a close normative subsystem that was not universally applied by members of the international community. The Czechoslovak government committed to enforce the principles or resolutions agreed in the intergovernmental arrangements. The permanent Czechoslovak representative in Geneva sent a diplomatic note to the Secretary General of the League of Nations on 16 May 1929. The political unilateral declaration was limited by a quartet of political reservations. The Government did not accept any commitment outside the boundaries of its national legislation. The issue of identity certificates applied only to persons who had effective Russian or Turkish nationality (Armenians) and lost it before 1 January 1923, without acquiring the citizenship of the Soviet Union or Turkey. Competent authorities began issuing Nansen’s passports from 1 January 1930. The refugees who met the temporal precondition set out in the ministerial circular were not entitled to a certificate of identity. No claim, no judicial review at all.

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