1st ICAI 2020

International Conference on Automotive Industry 2020

Mladá Boleslav, Czech Republic

3.6 Robotic bin picking uses vision for scanning, planning, and picking parts Object detection is the first step in visual measurement system. There are many different kinds of object detection methods, most methods are successful in detecting known objects, but various objects detection is ignored. The laser triangulation method allows non-contact scanning of objects and obtaining a three-dimensional point cloud. The measuring system consists of a camera and illuminator that allows projection of a linear laser beam on the surface of the object (Fujita, Domae, Noda, 2019). The position of the laser beam is recorded on the camera matrix. Next, on the basis of the knowledge of camera angle and laser plane, coordinates of points describing the surfaces and edges of objects in three-dimensional space are determined (Song, 2019). By calibrating the obtained data, it is possible to measure products, determining parameters such as volume, angle between planes, position of the object in space and orientation in the container, enabling collision-free implementation of manipulation tasks with the use of an industrial robot (Nitka, 2019). Nowadays, there is an effort to use artificial intelligence techniques for self-adapt collision avoidance path planning of the robot while removing parts from the box (David, 2014). The automation of themanual work is an important problemtherefore carmanufacturers worldwide are focused on robot automated and robust bin picking system. In Figure 6 you can see an example of bin picking application.

Figure 6: An example of a bin picking application

Source: own elaboration (2020)

3.7 Automatic screwing of car body using 3D camera localization Car manufacturers often use robotic screwing of screws into the vehicle body in their production lines. And here they face a frequent problem of ensuring the exact position of the threads for the industrial robot to perform the screwing operation. The car body is not always in the same position so that it is necessary to provide the robot with offset information. The task of the camera is to calculate from the scanned image, centre of the threaded holes as you can see in Figure 7, and transmit the coordinates to industrial robot to align electric screwdriver in precise position. Information about what type of vehicle is currently in the station and how many screws should be applied is transmitted via Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology (Frischer, 2012).

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