NGOs under European Convention on Human Rights / Tymofeyeva

how they would prefer to exercise their property rights, and what factors (be they legal, socio-economic or political) influenced their preferences. 1328 Apart from these specific mechanisms, which focused on particular post-armed conflict situations, compensation mechanisms are also represented by regional human rights treaties .Themost elaborated systemof victim’s compensation is seen in thepractice of the Court. The other regional human right bodies, such as the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, 1329 in coordination with the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, and the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights, 1330 in coordination with the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights, are younger and have less developed systems than that of the Court. Nonetheless, their practice may be of importance for the purposes of comparative analysis. For instance, reparations in the Inter-American system generally refer to numerous ways in which a state responsible for violations under the American Convention can make redress for its wrongful acts. Here, the term ‘reparations’ may encompass restitution, financial compensation, rehabilitation, and satisfaction. 1331 Financial compensation is the most commonly employed form of remedial state measures in respect of material losses or actual damages. This system understands actual damages as the loss of earnings, restitution of money or material possessions, and loss of real property. Indemnification must be based upon the principles of equity and financial or pecuniary reparations remedying a quantifiable loss suffered by the victims. The following part of the book will be concerned with the instruments adopted by the competent bodies of the United Nations or other intergovernmental organisations. 3.1.3 Instruments adopted by intergovernmental organisations Unlike the compensation mechanisms analysed in the first group, the mechanisms in second group were introduced by a decision of an international organisation. 1332 The United Nations Compensation Commission (hereinafter referred to as the ‘UNCC’) was created in 1991 as a subsidiary organ of the United Nations Security Council under Security Council Resolution 687 (1991) 1333 to process claims and pay compensation for losses and damage suffered as a direct result of Iraq’s unlawful invasion and occupation of Kuwait in 1990–1991. 1334 It is located in Villa La Pelouse within 1328 Return, Local Integration & Property Right. Sarajevo. November 1999. URL: accessed 20 July 2015. 1329 Inter-American Court of Human Rights. Official web pages. URL: accessed 20 July 2015. 1330 African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights. Official web pages. URL: http://www.african-court. org/> accessed 20 July 2015. 1331 MAYEUX, B.andMIRABAL, J. Collective andMoral Reparations in the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. URL: accessed 20 July 2015. 1332 ŠTURMA, P. Outline…, 2013, cited above, p. 26. 1333 Resolution 687 (1991) adopted by the Security Council at its 2981st meeting, on 3 April 1991. S/RES/687 (1991). 1334 KAZAZI, M. Learning from the United Nation’s experience in war economic reparation– The case of

260