Sustainable Solutions for SCM

3. Ontario, Canada Ontario uses a system called COMPASS, also referred to as the Freeway Traffic Management System, to regulate the flow of traffic on the main highways leading to the city centre and to the city itself. COMPASS uses traffic cameras to detect the approximate speed and density of traffic flow. This data is then sent to a central computer at the Ministry of Transportation in the Ontario office and analysed by operators, who also view the feeds from sensors placed under the highways. Therefore, if any collisions, closures or detours happen, the changeable message signs then display messages to motorists on the highways, advising them about traffic flow. [19] 4. Dresden, Germany It is better for the environment if trams and cars do not have to stop so often at traffic lights. That is why in some cities in Germany they have implemented the “green wave” signals. Any vehicle travelling along with the recommended speed will encounter a continuous series of green lights and not have to stop at intersections. This allows higher traffic loads and reduces noise and fuel consumption of vehicles by 20%. It also controls the speed of traffic in urban areas and it gives pedestrians more time to cross at crossings. Furthermore, the green wave decreases traffic the best when it is used in only one driving direction. To increase the effectiveness, it is common to apply the green wave in the morning hours on the main street that goes into the city centre to avoid waiting times when driving to work. And in the afternoon the green wave is applied to the main street leading back to the suburbs. [20] Another solution for reducing the time waiting on red lights and to lower the emissions from traffic is applied, for instance, in the trams in Dresden. The drivers have a smartphone, which gives them driving instructions based on the information traffic lights send them. That means the driver receives information about how slow or fast he or she has to drive to arrive at a green light. If the driver complies with the instructions the trams will save around 20% of their fuel consumption. Furthermore, a communicating light network is not expensive to implement. [4] Moreover, in Hamburg, there is a two-lane connection road between the city centre and the northern part of the city named “Sierichstrasse”, that changes the driving direction depending on the time of day. Between 4 am and 12 am the two-lane street goes into the city centre and from 12 am to 4 am it changes into two outbound lanes with the result of less congestion. [11] 7.7.4 Summary The city of Wroclaw faces a typical problem of many large cities: heavy traffic. There are many ways to prevent this problem and to make the cities as effective as possible. There should be a balanced mix of every type of approach. The current research shows that the average speed of motor vehicles moving within the boundaries of Wroclaw amounts to 26 km/h. Unfortunately, this is not a factor that contributes to improving the air pollution. The mere fact that a very large number of passenger vehicles

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