2nd ICAI 2022

International Conference on Automotive Industry 2022

Mladá Boleslav, Czech Republic

Partial BEV consumption values Traction consumption

[kWh/100 km] [%] [kWh/100 km] [%]

7.78 1.92 1.92 0.00

67.0 16.5 16.5

9.47 2.96 1.68 0.00

67.1 21.0 11.9

HVAC consumption

12 V system consumption Traction battery management consumption

0.0

0.0

Source: Research data 2.4 BEV Consumption in mountains

The measurement was conducted in the mountain range of Orlické hory, by repeatedly driving over the peak (990m above sea level) back and forth, with 345m of incline over a distance of 5 km (average incline of about 7%). In total, 21 trips by 22km each. The overall relatively low summer consumption is primarily due to energy recuperation created when braking downhill and optimal ambient temperature (about 22.4 °C), during which the A/C input power consumption is minimal. The extreme difference between the summer and winter operation can be attributed to three factors: increased driving resistance (continuous layer of snow on the road), significantly decreased share of energy recuperated back into the battery, due to the relatively high power consumption of the heating and significantly lower average speed for the winter trips. The operation range is about 43% lower during winter than during summer. For comparison, an ICE (gasoline) equipped vehicle Opel Astra J (see chapter 4 for the specification of this vehicle) has its range only decreased by 17% in the winter season.

Table 4: BEV Consumption in mountains (average from all test trips)

Summer operation Winter operation

Total BEV consumption [kWh/100 km]

13.1

23.0

Theoretical BEV range Average BEV driving speed

[km] [kph]

487.9 43.7 22.4 22.0

278.4

30.4 -2.8 22.0

Ambient temperature

[°C] [°C]

HVAC settings

Partial BEV consumption values Traction consumption

[kWh/100 km] [%] [kWh/100 km] [%]

11.88

90.5

17.93 3.56 1.49 0.00

78.0 15.5

HVAC consumption

0.46 0.79 0.00

3.5 6.0 0.0

12 V system consumption Traction battery management consumption

6.5 0.0

Source: Research data

230