CYIL vol. 12 (2021)

victoria v. romanova CYIL 12 (2021) on energy law, her research is devoted to energy law order on both national and international levels, legal regulation of the protection of rights of energy markets, legal regulation of the construction of energy power objects, corporate governance in energy companies with state participation and peculiarities of legal regulation in different spheres of energy. She is arbitrator of the International Commercial Arbitration Court at the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation, arbitrator of the Arbitration Center at the Russian Union of Industrials and Entrepreneurs , member of the Public Council of the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation and member of the expert council of the Energy of State Duma Committee . 1. Introduction The 2015 Paris Climate Agreement 1 led to the activation of legal regulation development and international cooperation. The states participating, being parties to the Agreement, adopt national strategies for low-carbon energy development, conduct scientific research and improve the legal framework. Trends in low-carbon energy development are discussed at international summit meetings with the participation of the heads of states in international organizations, at scientific events and in energy companies. The IAEA cooperates with 12 member states within the framework of the coordinated research project (CRP) for the purpose of developing effective strategies for climate change mitigation. The CRP goal is to support national research in the assessment of the potential role of nuclear energetics in greenhouse gas (GG) emission reduction as part of preparing the national strategy for performance of the Paris Agreement, concluded in 2015 by participants of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) 2 . The IAEA Director General points out that, since we are running out of time, countries all over the world are considering the possibilities of nuclear energy use for effective decarbonization: the climate is changing. He has also emphasized that international cooperation and partnerships are required for such efforts to be successful 3 . There are many uses of nuclear energy potential, so let’s discuss some of them in more detail with a view toward determining the current state and trends in legal regulation development. First, it is necessary to take into account the fact that nuclear power plants produce almost no emission of greenhouse gases or air-contaminating substances during their operation. Nuclear power plants can also be used in addition to the generating facilities functioning on the basis of renewable energy sources when the latter are not available for use. Second, several countries are currently implementing hydrogen production with the use of nuclear power plants or considering such possibilities with a view toward promoting the decarbonization of their energy, industrial and transport sectors. This also increases nuclear power plant output, which may lead to its improvement in profitability. The IAEA supports countries interested in hydrogen production through various initiatives, including coordinated research projects and technical meetings. It also developed 1 https://unfccc.int/files/essential_background/convention/application/pdf/english_paris_agreement.pdf. 2 https://www.iaea.org/ru/newscenter/news/magate-okazyvaet-pomoshch-gosudarstvam-chlenam-v-vypolnenii- parizhskogo-soglasheniya-ob-izmenenii-klimata. 3 https://www.iaea.org/ru/newscenter/news/generalnyy-direktor-magate-grossi-prizyvaet-ispolzovat-yadernuyu- energetiku-dlya-dostizheniya-nulevyh-vybrosov-u-nas-ostaetsya-vse-menshe-vremeni-a-klimat-menyaetsya.

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