POKOJNÉ ŘEŠENÍ SPORŮ V MEZINÁRODNÍM PRÁVU

SUMMARY

CHAPTER 1 An Introduction to the History of Peaceful Settlement of International Disputes : with an Emphasis on the Treaty of Kadesh Dagmar Beňaková The Egyptian-Hittite peace treaty, known as Eternal Treaty, Silver Treaty or Treaty of Kadesh, concluded after the well-documented Battle of Kadesh, is one of the old- est international peace treaties in history and the only ancient Near Eastern treaty for which both Parties´ versions have survived. Ramses II and Hattusilis III agreed not only to remain at peace forever (the obligation binds their successors as well), but also to grant each other assistance in case of future wars against a third enemy or in case of a domestic insurgency. Furthermore, the treaty contains an obligation to extradite rebels and fugitives. Another important provision relates to the proper treatment of fu- gitives (one of the first human rights stipulations in history). This ancient treaty brings a set of principles governing the contemporary international law, such as the parity of Contracting Parties or the pacta sunt servanda principle. CHAPTER 2 The end of war as a continuation of politics by other means: Prohibition of use of force as an instrument of state policy Petra Ruffer Lustigová Peaceful settlement of disputes in international law is closely related to the prohibi- tion of use of force and to the outlawry of war as a state policy. An important milestone in this regard represents the establishment of the League of Nations in 1919, and subsequent unceasing efforts in the interwar period leading to the adoption of general prohibition of the use of force in international relations as enshrined in the United Nations Charter. Those efforts are represented in a number of proposals, some more, some less successful, which were presented between 1920 and 1928 (i.e. the Treaty for Mutual Assistance 1923, the Geneva Protocol 1924 or the Locarno Treaties 1925), the most important of them all was the Briand-Kellogg Treaty of 1928.

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