POKOJNÉ ŘEŠENÍ SPORŮ V MEZINÁRODNÍM PRÁVU

CHAPTER 16 Peaceful settlement of disputes with regard to cyberspace – de lege ferenda contemplation Jozef Valuch – Richard Žec The current means of peaceful settlement of disputes are generally considered to be sufficient. A significant need of changing or supplementing these means has not been observed so far. However, the constant scientific and technological progress makes us face new challenges many of which have been addressed by the science of international law. This research paper deals with the peaceful settlement of disputes in the contem- porary international law with regard to issues concerning cyberspace. It focuses on selected de lege ferenda proposals reflecting the specific nature of this type of space and areas which seem to be the most problematic. CHAPTER 17 History of territorial disputes in Antarctica and their resolution Martina Filippiová The aim of this chapter is to stress the importance of the Antarctic Treaty as a mean of peaceful settlement of disputes. Although people have basic knowledge of Antarctica that it is designated for scientific research and peaceful purposes, some know that the Antarctic Treaty „established“ this international space, only few remember what was the reason for the conclusion of the Treaty. The author tries to outline in this article how States started to make respective territorial claims from the very beginning of discoveries of Antarctica, which subsequently led to disputes. In the interests of sci- ence and need of international cooperation in this area States resolved these disputes in completely unique way, by concluding the Antarctic Treaty. Apart from the historic excursion, the author describes the basic provisions of the Treaty concerning peaceful settlement of disputes. Finally, the author pays attention to the last Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting, which was held in the Czech Republic this year. This ATCM adopted Prague Declaration on the occasion of the 60th anniversary of the Antarctic Treaty, in which it confirmed the importance of the Treaty and of its provisions on territorial claims in Antarctica for international harmony on this continent.

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